主谓一致

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2026-05-17

主谓一致

主语和谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。
中考频率：⭐⭐ 中高频。there be 就近原则几乎每年语法选择必考，the number of / a number of 是高频陷阱。

三大原则

原则	含义	示例
语法一致	主语单数→动词单数；主语复数→动词复数	He likes apple. / They like apple.
意义一致	根据主语实际意义决定	The police are coming.
就近一致	动词与最近的主语一致	Either you or he is wrong.

高频考点分类

1. 不定代词作主语

主语	谓语	示例
everyone, someone, nobody, everything 等	单数	Everyone is here.
both	复数	Both are correct.
all（指人）	复数	All are welcome.
all（指事物）	单数	All is well.
none	单/复均可	None of us knows/know.

2. 数量表达作主语

主语	谓语	示例
a number of + 复数名词	复数	A number of students are absent.
the number of + 复数名词	单数	The number of students is 40.
many a + 单数名词	单数	Many a student likes English.
more than one + 单数名词	单数	More than one person has come.
分数/百分数 + of + 名词	看名词	Two thirds of the water is clean.
		Two thirds of the students are here.

3. 并列主语

结构	谓语	示例
A and B	复数	Tom and Jerry are friends.
A and B（指同一人/物）	单数	The writer and teacher is coming.
A or B / Either A or B	就近	Either you or he is wrong.
Neither A nor B	就近	Neither he nor I am right.
Not only A but also B	就近	Not only you but also he is invited.
A with/together with B	与A一致	Tom with his friends is coming.
A as well as B	与A一致	Tom as well as his friends is here.

4. 特殊名词作主语

名词	谓语	说明
news, maths, physics	单数	-s 结尾但是单数
people, police, cattle	复数	集体名词
family, team, class	单或复	强调整体→单数；强调成员→复数
glasses, trousers, shoes	复数	成双成对的物品
a pair of + 复数名词	单数	A pair of shoes is enough.
the + 形容词	复数	The old are taken care of.

5. 其他规则

主语	谓语	示例
动名词/不定式短语	单数	Reading books is fun.
从句作主语	单数	What he said is true.
there be 句型	就近	There is a book and two pens.
时间/金钱/距离（总量）	单数	Ten dollars is enough.

考点速查

考试题型	常见考点
语法选择	there be 就近；either/or；together with；the number of；分数+of
选词填空	判断主语单复数→动词形式
短文填空	主语单复数判断