语音基础
约 260 字小于 1 分钟
2026-07-14
语音基础
元音
| 单元音 | 例词 | 双元音 | 例词 |
|---|---|---|---|
| /iː/ | see, eat | /eɪ/ | name, day |
| /ɪ/ | it, big | /aɪ/ | like, time |
| /e/ | get, bed | /ɔɪ/ | boy, voice |
| /æ/ | cat, map | /əʊ/ | go, home |
| /ɑː/ | car, far | /aʊ/ | now, out |
| /ɒ/ | hot, dog | /ɪə/ | here, near |
| /ɔː/ | all, door | /eə/ | there, care |
| /ʊ/ | put, book | /ʊə/ | sure, poor |
| /uː/ | too, blue | ||
| /ʌ/ | cup, love | ||
| /ɜː/ | her, bird | ||
| /ə/ | about, teacher |
辅音
| 清辅音 | 例词 | 浊辅音 | 例词 |
|---|---|---|---|
| /p/ | pen | /b/ | book |
| /t/ | tea | /d/ | desk |
| /k/ | cat | /g/ | go |
| /f/ | fish | /v/ | very |
| /θ/ | think | /ð/ | this |
| /s/ | sit | /z/ | zoo |
| /ʃ/ | she | /ʒ/ | usually |
| /tʃ/ | China | /dʒ/ | Japan |
| /tr/ | tree | /dr/ | dress |
| /ts/ | cats | /dz/ | beds |
| /h/ | hat | /m/ | man |
| /n/ | no | /ŋ/ | sing |
| /l/ | let | /r/ | red |
| /w/ | we | /j/ | yes |
连读规则
- 辅音+元音：Not at all → no-ta-tall
- 辅音+辅音：相同辅音合并 → big game
- 元音+元音：加 /j/ 或 /w/
语调
- 陈述句：降调 ↘
- 一般疑问句：升调 ↗
- 特殊疑问句：降调 ↘
- 选择疑问句：or 前升后降 ↗↘
- 反义疑问句：前降后升（不确定）↘↗ / 前降后降（确定）↘↘