动词/句子修饰语
约 529 字大约 2 分钟
2026-07-14
助动词
助动词帮助构成时态、语态、否定、疑问等。
| 助动词 | 功能 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| be | 进行时、被动语态 | I am reading. / It was broken. |
| have | 完成时 | I have finished it. |
| do | 否定、疑问、强调 | I don't know. / Do you like it? |
| will | 将来时 | I will go tomorrow. |
do / does / did 作助动词时没有实际意义，仅用于构成否定和疑问。
副词
位置
- 频率副词（always, often, never）：行为动词前，be 动词后
- I often go to school by bus.
- He is always late.
- 方式副词：动词后
- She sings well.
- 程度副词（very, quite, too）：形容词 / 副词前
- It's very beautiful.
enough 的位置
- enough + 名词：enough money / enough time
- 形容词 / 副词 + enough：good enough / fast enough
易混副词
also / too / either / as well
| 词 | 位置 | 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| also | 行为动词前 / be 后 | 肯定句，较正式 |
| too | 肯定句句末 | 肯定句，口语常用 |
| as well | 肯定句句末 | 与 too 可互换 |
| either | 否定句句末 | 否定句专用 |
how far / how long / how often / how soon
| 疑问词 | 问什么 | 答语 |
|---|---|---|
| how far | 距离 | 5 kilometers |
| how long | 时长 | for 3 years |
| how often | 频率 | once a week |
| how soon | 多久以后 | in a month |
介词短语作状语
介词短语可以作状语修饰动词，表示时间、地点、方式、原因等。
- 时间：I get up at 7:00.
- 地点：He lives in Beijing.
- 方式：She went there by bus.
- 原因：He was late because of the rain.
- 目的：I study for the exam.
非谓语作状语
| 形式 | 作用 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 不定式 | 目的 | I came here to see you. |
| 现在分词 | 伴随 / 原因 | Seeing the teacher, he ran away. |
| 过去分词 | 条件 / 原因 | Given more time, I could do better. |
非谓语的其他用法见 [8. 动词短语](8. 动词短语.md)。
状语从句
状语从句用一个句子作状语修饰动词。详细分类见 [20. 状语从句](20. 状语从句.md)。
主将从现：主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。